![\"Kuran\"](\"images\/Kuran.jpg\")
Gjat\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb Uthmanit, Allahu qoft\u00eb i k\u00ebnaqur me t\u00eb, shkrimi i Kuranit ishte ai shkrim q\u00eb pati fatin t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahet shum\u00eb. U shp\u00ebrnda pothuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qendrat islame dhe arriti n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrsosm\u00ebris\u00eb. Kjo shkall\u00eb e p\u00ebrsosm\u00ebris\u00eb ishte si n\u00eb form\u00eb ashtu edhe te shenjat e vendosura mbi apo n\u00ebn shkronja, t\u00eb cilat e leht\u00ebsuan duksh\u00ebm leximin e Kuranit.<\/span><\/p>\nGjat\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb Uthmanit pa dyshim se forma e leximit t\u00eb Kuranit kishte nj\u00eb form\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn disa nga sahab\u00ebt si dhe tabi’in\u00ebt e pat\u00ebn fatin q\u00eb ta lexonin.<\/span><\/p>\n Por, pasi gjuha arabe filloi t\u00eb dob\u00ebsohej dhe u fut\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb huaja, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye pati nevoj\u00eb q\u00eb Kuranit t’i vendosen shenjat dhe pikat n\u00ebn apo mbi shkronja, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb lexohet m\u00eb leht\u00eb. E t\u00ebr\u00eb kjo u b\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb Kurani t\u00eb jet\u00eb sa m\u00eb autentik dhe t\u00eb mos lexohet gabimisht.<\/span><\/p>\n Ai q\u00eb i vendosi i pari rregullat e gjuh\u00ebs arabe ishte Ebu Elesved Edueli, tabi’in. Ai b\u00ebri edhe vokalizimin dhe shqiptimin e Kuranit n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb leximi i tij t\u00eb jet\u00eb sa m\u00eb i sakt\u00eb. E gjith\u00eb kjo ishte edhe si pasoj\u00eb e urdhrit t\u00eb Aliut, Allahu qoft\u00eb i k\u00ebnaqur me t\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa shkak i marrjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre hapave n\u00eb vendosjen e rregullave t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs arabe ishte ngjarja kur Ebu Elesved Edueliu nj\u00eb dit\u00eb d\u00ebgjoi nj\u00ebrin duke e lexuar nj\u00eb ajet nga Kurani. Zanoret nuk sh\u00ebnoheshin deri at\u00eb dit\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se ata dinin t’i lexonin. Por ai lexuesi b\u00ebri nj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb leximin e atij ajeti dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast u b\u00eb nj\u00eb gabim trashanik. Ky gabim u b\u00eb shkaktar q\u00eb ta mundonte shum\u00eb Ebu Elesved Edueliun. Ajeti q\u00eb lexuesi b\u00ebri gabim t\u00eb madh gjat\u00eb leximit ishte:<\/span><\/p>\n “Dhe (ky \u00ebsht\u00eb) nj\u00eb kumtim nga Allahu dhe i D\u00ebrguari i Tij drejtuar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e haxhit t\u00eb madh, se Allahu \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr prej (marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb) idhujtar\u00ebve, e nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe i D\u00ebrguari i Tij.” (Sure (Tevbe: 3)<\/span><\/p>\n Fjala e sakt\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn arabe ishte ue resulihi, kurse ai lexuesi gaboi p\u00ebr shkak se nuk kishte shenja zanoresh dhe lexoi gabimisht ve resuluhu. Ky gabim b\u00ebri q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshohet kuptimi i ajetit. U ndryshua dhe u b\u00eb me kuptim t\u00eb gabuar: “Dhe (ky \u00ebsht\u00eb) nj\u00eb kumtim nga Allahu drejtuar t\u00eb D\u00ebrguarit t\u00eb Tij dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e haxhit t\u00eb madh, se Allahu \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr prej (marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb) idhujtar\u00ebve, e nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe nga i D\u00ebrguari i Tij.” (Sure Tevbe: 3)<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shkak, Ebu Elesved Edueliu b\u00ebri vokalizimin e Kuranit si dhe b\u00ebri shum\u00eb rregulla mbi leximin e Kuranit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb kontribut e ndihmuan shum\u00eb dijetar\u00eb t\u00eb asaj kohe, si Ferid bin Ahmed Elferahidi, i cili ishte i pari q\u00eb shkroi librin: “Mbi form\u00ebn e shkronjave si dhe shenjat e pik\u00ebsimit”. Po ashtu ky ishte i pari q\u00eb kishte vendosur hemz\u00ebn dhe teshdidin si dhe shum\u00eb shenja t\u00eb tjera sqaruese p\u00ebr leximin e Kuranit. Pas k\u00ebsaj, m\u00eb von\u00eb u shkrua edhe shkenca e “nahvit”, e cila ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me rregullat e gramatik\u00ebs s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs arabe. Kjo shkenc\u00eb ndihmoi shum\u00eb si sh\u00ebrbim m\u00eb i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsimin e leximit t\u00eb Kuranit.<\/span><\/p>\n Pastaj filluan q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb sures t\u00eb shkruajn\u00eb emrin e \u00e7do sureje, u vendos\u00ebn shenjat n\u00eb fund t\u00eb \u00e7do ajeti si dhe u nda Kuranin n\u00eb 30 xhuza (pjes\u00eb) dhe 60 hizba (pjes\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla se xhuzi) si dhe errba, nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta e xhuzit. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebtyre pjes\u00ebve u b\u00ebn\u00eb shenja t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb tret\u00eb hixhri, shkrimi i Kuranit arriti kulminacionin e bukuris\u00eb s\u00eb tij.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb pati shum\u00eb nga dijetar\u00ebt e m\u00ebdhenj, si Ahmed Ib\u00ebn Hanbeli, q\u00eb e ndaluan sh\u00ebnimin e Kuranit, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Rresm Uthmanij (shkrimit t\u00eb Uthmanit, Allahu qoft\u00eb i k\u00ebnaqur me t\u00eb). Po n\u00ebse pyet, v\u00eblla i nderuar, se n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndaluar vendosja e atyre shenjave n\u00eb Kuran, si e b\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb par\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i vendos\u00ebn ato shenja, pika dhe emrat suresh?<\/span><\/p>\n Ne do t\u00eb themi se ulemaja apo dijetar\u00ebt e kan\u00eb lejuar at\u00eb p\u00ebr arsye se ishte e domosdoshme, ngase u shfaq devijimi i gjuh\u00ebs arabe e ky devijim erdhi si rrjedhoj\u00eb e p\u00ebrzierjes s\u00eb shumt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb huajve me arab\u00ebt. Arab\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb huazojn\u00eb fjal\u00eb nga ata dhe k\u00ebtu lindi problemi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn arabe. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, dijetar\u00ebt i vendos\u00ebn shenjat, pikat dhe rregullat e leximit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos ngat\u00ebrrohen shkronjat me shkronja q\u00eb ishin pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta n\u00eb form\u00eb. Gjithashtu p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje pati edhe ixhma t\u00eb ulemave (bashkimi i mendimit t\u00eb ulemave t\u00eb umetit t\u00eb Muhamedit salallahu alejhi ue selem p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar).<\/span><\/p>\n Dhe s\u00eb fundi, shkurtimisht mund t\u00eb themi se ndalesa vjen n\u00eb shprehje p\u00ebr sh\u00ebnimin e Kuranit p\u00ebrve\u00e7 shkrimit t\u00eb Uthmanit, pra \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr musaf t\u00eb cilin e shtypin dhe mbetet n\u00eb duart e njer\u00ebzve. Kurse p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e sh\u00ebnojn\u00eb me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta kuptojn\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb, nuk prish pun\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e lejuar, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse jan\u00eb fillestar\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e Kuranit.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n